Safflower Polysaccharides Alleviate TNBS-Induced Colitis by Modulating Gut Immunity

This study aims to investigate the potential immunological mechanisms by which Safflower polysaccharides (SPSs) regulate colitis. The therapeutic effect of SPSs on colitis was inves- tigated by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced rats model, TNF-α-stimulated Caco-2 cells, LPS-induced THP-1 cell model, and a co-culture model of Caco-2 and THP-1. The results demonstrated that SPSs effectively ameliorated clinical symptoms, reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory factors, restored...