Multiomics analysis revealed that the metabolite profile of raw milk is associated with lactation stage of dairy cows and could be affected by variations in the ruminal microbiota

The nutritional components and quality of milk are influenced by the rumen microbiota and its metabo- lites at different lactation stages. Hence, rumen fluid and milk samples from 6 dairy cows fed the same diet were collected during peak, early mid- and later mid- lactation. Untargeted metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing were applied for analyzing milk and rumen metabolites, as well as rumen microbial composition, respectively. The levels of lipid-related metabolites, L- glutamate,...