Development and Comprehensive Diverse-Matrix Evaluation of Four PAHs Using Solvent-Modified QuEChERS-GC-MS with Freeze-Out

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are recognized carcinogens that enter the food chain through pre-existing environmental contamination (air, water, soil), and their forma- tion and accumulation during food preparation and processing involve high temperatures. We established a modified QuEChERS GC-MS method that couples n-hexane-saturated acetonitrile containing 1% toluene with a freeze-out step. Compared to the previously reported ACN QuEChERS protocol, this method enhanced PAH...