Classification of Apples (Malus domestica borkh.) According to Geographical Origin, Variety and Production Method Using Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry and Random Forest

Apples are one of the most popular fruits in Germany, valued for their regional availability and health benefits. When deciding which apple to buy, several characteristics are important to consumers, including the taxonomic variety, organic cultivation and regional production. To verify that these characteristics are correctly declared, powerful analytical methods are required. In this study, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time- of-flight mass spectrometry...