Optimizing Extraction Methods for Bioactive Polysaccharides from Rosa rugosa and Rosa damascena

Rosa damascena and Rosa rugosa, which are the two most commercial species in the Rosa genus, are used to make rose oil, cosmetics, and functional foods. The majority of polysac- charide constituents of both species is structurally diverse and demonstrates promising biological activities, such as moisturizing, immunomodulation, and antioxidant activity. The extraction technique has a significant impact on the yield, purity, and bioactivity of polysaccharides. Traditional extraction methods (hot...