Recent advances highlight the crucial role of the gut microbiota in human health and disease, with dietary components emerging as powerful modulators of microbial commu- nities

Recent advances highlight the crucial role of the gut microbiota in human health and disease, with dietary components emerging as powerful modulators of microbial commu- nities. This review synthesizes current evidence on the effects of olive-derived bioactive compounds, including polyphenols (e.g., hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein or tyrosol), triter- penes and other phytochemicals on gut microbiota composition and function. These compounds have been shown to enhance beneficial bacterial...