Dual Blockade of PI3K and EGFR Pathways by Flavonoids from Idesia polycarpa Maxim Cake Meal: Valorization of Agro-Industrial Waste for NSCLC Therapy

Efficient utilization of food industry waste supports sustainable development. Idesia poly- carpa Maxim cake meal (an oil-processing by-product) is rich in bioactive flavonoids, but the refined purification, anti-non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) activity, and mecha- nism of its total flavonoids (IPTF) remain unclear—restricting high-value use. This study optimized IPTF purification via polyamide resin gradient elution and characterized its chemical composition by HPLC/LC-MS. In vitro assays...