Valorization of Olive Oil and Wine Industry Byproducts: Challenges and Opportunities in Sustainable Food Applications

The historical co-production of olive oil and wine has influenced the Mediterranean land- scape and economy. Olive oil and wine production generates substantial organic waste, including olive pomace, grape pomace, and wastewater, which poses environmental chal- lenges if untreated. These byproducts contain bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, such as hydroxytyrosol, resveratrol, and flavonoids, which possess antioxidant and anti- inflammatory properties, making them valuable for the...