Objectives: To systematically review the evidence on the effect of replacing the intake of animal protein with plant protein on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) and their intermediate risk factors. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus up to 12th May 2022 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or prospective cohort studies that investigated replacement of animal protein with plant protein from foods. Outcomes...
food science, polyphenols, antioxidants, protein, fiber
Background: While dietary fiber intake is low in many children, the current trend to plant-based diets is associated with higher fiber intake in children raised on these diets. As older reports indicate that diets providing high fiber intake in children 0–5 years may affect growth, iron status and bowel function, we summarized the available evidence in this systematic review. Objective: To identify, critically appraise, and synthesize evidence on the effect of high fiber intake on growth, iron...
food science, starch, protein, fiber, nutrition
Background: Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among males in America. The patients’ survival time is significantly reduced after prostate cancer develops into castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). It has been reported that AKR1C3 is involved in this progression, and that its abnormal expression is directly correlated with the degree of CRPC malignancy. Genistein is one of the active com- ponents of soy isoflavones, and many studies have suggested that...
antioxidants, protein, nutrition, color, enzymes
Objective: To examine the potential effect of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus plantarum LP45 on osteoporo- sis and to explore the involved molecular mechanisms. Methods: A rat model of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) was established, which was also orally administered with increasing doses of LP45 for 8 weeks. After the termination of the 8-week treatment, the tibia and femur bones of rats were analyzed for bone histomorphometry, bone mineral content (BMC), and bone mineral...
protein, nutrition, microorganisms, analysis, extraction
Background: The increasing morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease have become a major factor in human death. Serum cholesterol is considered to be an important risk factor for inducing coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases. To screen intestinal absorbable functional small peptides with cholesterol-lowering activity by enzymatic hydrolysis of whey protein and develop cholester- ol-based functional food that may become a substitute for chemically...
food science, protein, fiber, nutrition, processing
Background: An increasing number of people adhere to plant-based diets, and the market for plant-based meat and dairy substitute products has been expanding rapidly. Objective: To examine total intake of macronutrients and salt in a sample of Norwegian vegans, vege- tarians and pescatarians; the consumption frequency of plant-based meat and dairy substitutes and raw ingredients used in these products; and the contribution to total macronutrient and salt intake from these products. Design: A...
wheat, starch, protein, nutrition, processing
Background: Knowledge on the association between the EAT-Lancet Planetary Health Diet (PHD) or the Finnish Nutrition recommendations (FNR) and anthropometric changes is scarce. Especially, the role of the overall diet quality, distinct from energy intake, on weight changes needs further examination. Objectives: To examine the association between diet quality and weight change indicators and to develop a dietary index based on the PHD adapted for the Finnish food culture. Methods: The study...
wheat, starch, protein, fiber, nutrition
Background: Government policies promoting healthier food environments can contribute to healthier diets and prevent obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases. Objective: To assess the level of implementation of internationally recommended food environment policies in Norway and establish prioritised actions to create healthier food environments. Design: The Healthy Food Environment Policy Index (Food-EPI) was adapted to the Norwegian context. It comprised 45 good practice indicators...
nutrition, quality, packaging, analysis, health
Background: Obesity is the underlying risk factor for major metabolism complications, including non-alcohol- ic-fatty liver disease, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. The adipose tissue is a vital endocrine organ that plays a role in the synthesis and storage of lipid and, therefore, is a contributory factor to the development and progression of obesity. A growing interest in nutraceuticals suggests that natural products can alleviate the risk factors and may be effective in...
polyphenols, protein, nutrition, quality, color
Background: Recent studies from targeted and untargeted metabolomics have consistently revealed that diet-related metabolites, including carnitine (C0), several species of acylcarnitines (AcyCNs), amino acids, ceramides, and lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) may serve as potential multiple myeloma (MM) biomarkers. However, most of these approaches had some intrinsic limitations, namely low reproducibility and compro- mising the accuracy of the results. Objective: This study developed and...
protein, nutrition, storage, analysis, extraction
Background: Dietary and lifestyle indices are composite tools that are used to estimate risk of health outcomes. Objective: We aimed to develop a diet and a lifestyle index assessing adherence to the national guidelines in Norway, and to investigate adherence in a nationwide survey of healthy subjects (Norkost3). Design: Cut-off values for the indices were based on the Norwegian food based dietary guidelines and national lifestyle guidelines. Adherence was evaluated in the Norkost3 (n =...
flour, protein, fiber, nutrition, quality
Background: 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (β-PGG) is a polyphenol ellagic compound with a vari- ety of pharmacological effects and has an inhibitory effect on lots of cancers. Objective: To explore the antitumor effects and mechanism of 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose on human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Design: A network pharmacology method was first used to predict the possible inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma growth by 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose...
food science, polyphenols, protein, nutrition, color
Background: Obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome and a serious health concern worldwide. Various strategies exist to treat and prevent obesity, including dietary approaches using bioactive ingredients from natural sources. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the anti-obesity effect of whole-plant Allium macrostemon (also called as long-stamen chive) extract (AME) as a potential new functional food. Design: C57BL/6N mice were divided into three groups and fed either a...
polyphenols, antioxidants, protein, nutrition, color
Background: NXT15906F6 (TamaFlex™) is a proprietary blend containing standardized Tamarindus indica seeds and Curcuma longa rhizome extracts. Earlier, NXT15906F6 supplementation demonstrated reduced knee joint pain and improved musculoskeletal functions in healthy and knee osteoarthritis (KOA) subjects. Objective: The present randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was focused on validating the clin- ical efficacy of NXT15906F6 in a larger number of subjects with KOA. Methods: Male...
protein, nutrition, quality, color, enzymes
Background: Dietary intake and body weight are important predictors of long-term health. However, few studies have focused on these topics in adults with genetic syndromes that have associated intellectual disabil- ity, such as Williams syndrome (WS). Objective: In adults with WS, describe predicted dietary intake, food-related problems, and associations between body mass index (BMI) and possible factors contributing to differences in weight status. Design: In this study of 82 participants...
fiber, nutrition, quality, safety, analysis
Background: Obesity occurs when energy intake is excessive compared to energy expenditure, resulting in the excessive storage of triglyceride in adipose tissue. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the antiobesity effects of Kaempferia parviflora extracts (PF) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes to demonstrate the lipid mechanisms underlying these effects. Design: Mice were fed with a normal diet (AIN93G normal diet), HFD (60% HFD), Met (HFD containing...
protein, nutrition, storage, enzymes, safety
Background: Chukrasia tabularisis, a well-known tropical tree native to southeastern China, has anti-inflam- matory and antioxidant activities, and contains large amounts of limonoids and triterpenoids. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory activity of limonoids from C. tabularis on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated RAW264.7 cells. Methods and results: Using a bioassay-guided approach, the chemical fraction with high anti-inflammatory activity was...
protein, nutrition, sensory, safety, analysis
Background: Norway is lacking a population-based national monitoring program for iodine, sodium, and vitamin D status. Objective: The aim of this study was to pilot-test a study design for collecting biological samples from a coun- try-representative sample of 2-year-old children and their mothers and to report results for iodine, salt, and vitamin D at baseline, before initiation of salt iodization in Norway. Design: In a cross-sectional study, we recruited 2-year-old children and their...
nutrition, quality, safety, analysis, chemistry
Background: Due to the importance of water, the negative effects of water pollution on human health and the lack of proper knowledge of the state of research in this regard, the purpose of this study was to analyse scientific publications on water pollution in Iranian journals of environmental health. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using a scientometric method over a ten-year period (2008– 2017) on articles published in five specialised environmental health journals...
processing, quality, safety, analysis, health
Background: Vegetables and rice produced in Cuba may contain residue of pesticides that exceed the maximum residue limits (MRLs). Pesticide residues on crop samples from Sancti Spíritus province were analyzed. Based on these residue data, a risk assessment of consumer exposure was conducted. Methods: Samples collected during the 2017, 2018, and 2019 periods were analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS and GC/ ECD chromatography techniques. A deterministic risk assessment was performed, using consumption...
processing, quality, storage, microorganisms, safety
Background: Salmonella and E. coli O157 are common causes of foodborne diseases. Evisceration and de-hiding steps can lead to carcass contamination during slaughter operation. In Ethiopia, information on the association between the presence of these pathogens in the rectal content and/or on the hide of cattle and their presence on the carcass is lacking. Methods: The aim of this study was to assess the sources of beef carcass contamination with Salmonella and E. coli O157 during slaughter....
food science, nutrition, processing, quality, storage
The current study aims to investigate the levels of the toxic metal in agricultural products (legumes, wheat, and potato) collected in Markazi province, Iran, and human health risk by using inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The levels of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) in all samples were lower than the limit of detection (LOD), while the level of Cd in potato samples was lower than the maximum permisible level (MPL) of the European commission (EC). The...
wheat, flour, protein, nutrition, processing
Even though paraquat is considered to be one of the most toxic herbicides, it is one of the most used ones. Paraquat-based preparations are heavily used across many important agricultural countries and for a lot of types of crops such as soya. As soya is used in large quantities in the feed production, paraquat residues in soya products are a potential threat to livestock. The aim of this study was to investigate whether soya products intended for animal feed contain residues of paraquat....
wheat, protein, processing, quality, microorganisms
Contamination of food by heavy metals is a concern as consumption of contaminated food is one of the most likely human exposure routes to metals. Fufu is a delicacy in Ghana consumed mainly by the Akans. Human exposure to some heavy metals (Cr, Fe, Zn, Mn and Ni) through mechanically processed fufu consumption was analysed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer and ascertaining consumer awareness of potential exposure by questionnaire administration. A total of 30 milled and un‑milled fufu...
flour, starch, protein, nutrition, processing
The application of a high resolution and accurate mass spectrometry (HRAMS) approach to detect xenobiotics in dif- ferent food matrices by means of non targeted determination by UHPLC-Orbitrap followed by data processing analy- sis was described. Three case studies were reported to demonstrate the possibility to identify unexpected substances in different food commodities overcomes targeted method. This innovative approach could lay the foundation for its applicability to routine analysis in...
processing, quality, safety, analysis, chemistry
Today, a few hundred mycotoxins have been identified and the number is rising. Mycotoxin detoxification of food and feed has been a technically uphill task for the industry. In the twenty-first century, the public demand is healthy food with minimum use of chemicals and preservatives. Among all the fungal inhibition and mycotoxin detoxification methods so far developed for food, biopreservation and biodetoxification have been found safe and reliable. Nowa- days, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are...
food science, wheat, flour, protein, quality
Bedasa et al. International Journal of Food Contamination (2022) 9:2 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40550-022-00088-3 RETRACTION NOTE Retraction Note: Occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from food of animal origin in Bishoftu town, Central Ethiopia Segni Bedasa1* , Daniel Shiferaw1 , Ashebr Abraha1 and Tesfanesh Moges2 © The Author(s) 2022. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits...
Mycotoxins are generally found in food, feed, dairy products, and beverages, subsequently presenting serious human and animal health problems. Not surprisingly, mycotoxin contamination has been a worldwide concern for many research studies. In this regard, many biological, chemical, and physical approaches were investigated to reduce and/ or remove contamination from food and feed products. Biological detoxification processes seem to be the most promising approaches for mycotoxins removal from...
protein, nutrition, processing, quality, sensory
Background: Pesticide use for fruits and vegetable production in Uganda may result in presence of residues on pro- duce which may pose health risks to consumers. Uganda does not have an established system for monitoring pesti- cide residues in fruits and vegetables and assessing potential health risks. This research aimed to conduct a health risk assessment of presence of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables in the Kampala Metropolitan Area in Uganda. Method: Pesticides were measured in...
nutrition, quality, analysis, extraction, functional
Microplastics (MPs) are emerging contaminants of concern in aquatic ecosystems. Up to now, only a few studies about MP contamination in drinking water have been published. In this study, we analysed drinking water originating from ground water, surface water and treated sewage water for the presence of MPs, collected in different drink‑ ing water treatment plants (DWTP, n = 9) and water taps (TW, n = 9) in the geographic region of Flanders (Belgium). We report measured microplastic...
fiber, nutrition, processing, quality, packaging
Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram‑negative bacterium that has gained a stronghold inside healthcare settings. Due to the ability of A. baumannii to acquire antibiotic resistance easily, its presence in food products could pose a major threat to the public health. The aim of this study therefore, was to investigate the prevalence of A. baumannii in fresh produce and study their genetic diversity. A total of 234 samples of vegetables and fruits were collected. A. bauman- nii isolates were...
processing, quality, packaging, enzymes, microorganisms
With most of the plastics ever produced now being waste, slowly degrading and fragmenting in the environment, microplastics (MPs) have become an emerging concern regarding their presence in food and influence on human health. While many studies on marine ecotoxicology and the occurrence of MPs in fish and shellfish exist, research on the occurrence of MPs in other foods and their effect on human health is still in early‑stage, but the attention is increasing. This review aimed to provide...
food science, wheat, protein, processing, quality
Background: Staphylococcus aureus is an important opportunistic pathogen of raw milk and milk products, and the enterotoxins cause food poisoning. Milk and milk products are important reservoirs of enterotoxin-producing S. aureus. The aims of this systematic review were to estimate the pooled prevalence of S. aureus, including methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and to summarize their molecular characteristics, assess the potential sources of S. aureus contamination in bulk...
protein, fiber, nutrition, processing, quality
Background: Campylobacter is among the leading causes of foodborne zoonotic disease worldwide, with chicken meat accounting for the majority of human illnesses. This baseline study generates the first quantitative data for Campylobacter contamination in the United Arab Emirates chicken meat. Such data will help inform risk analysis and develop evidence‑based food safety management. Methods: For a year, chilled whole chicken carcasses (n = 315) belonging to seven different companies were col‑...
food science, processing, quality, safety, analysis
Although bee honey is considered an essential and healthy food for humans, honey can be affected by various contaminants, such as antibiotics, that can cause health problems for consumers. The objective of this study was to assess the occurrence of streptomycin residues in locally produced and imported bee honey, which was collected in 2017 from individual apiaries and retail markets in six different regions of Kosovo. In the present study, 155 bee honey samples were qualitatively screened by...
protein, nutrition, quality, storage, microorganisms
In many countries like Pakistan, where crops are irrigated by wastewater, the accumulation of heavy metals is a serious problem, especially when such an irrigation is a widespread practice. The focus of this study was to know the highly toxic metals like cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb) in water, agricultural soil, and crops, besides their probable risk to human health in the area of Vehari district. The physicochemical parameters were determined for the samples, including organic...
wheat, protein, fiber, nutrition, processing
There is a global concern and increasing reports regarding foodborne disease infections associated with consuming contaminated vegetables, seafood, meat, and poultry products. Among foodborne bacterial pathogens globally, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Shigella were the most frequently implicated in causing food poisoning infections in children and adults. In Saudi Arabia, the consumption rates of imported fresh fruits, vegetables, seafood, and meat products are considered high. Therefore,...
processing, quality, storage, analysis, extraction
Aflatoxin contamination in foods is a vital health challenge for low and middle-income countries in subtropical regions. Maize (Zea mays L.), a staple food most widely grown in Africa including Ghana, and extensively consumed as much as three times per day, is a source of aflatoxin contamination owing to its susceptibility to fungal infection. Aflatoxin levels were checked against international (European Commission, EC) and local (Ghana Standards Authority, GSA) standards, and health risks...
food science, wheat, flour, protein, nutrition
Animal sourced foods, such as dairy products, are common sources of Salmonella enterica, a foodborne pathogen of increasing global concern, particularly in developing countries. In Ethiopia, most data on the prevalence of Salmonella in dairy products is highly varied and limited to a specific region or district. Furthermore, there is no data available on the risk factors for Salmonella contamination of cow milk and cottage cheese in Ethiopia. This study was therefore conducted to determine the...
food science, nutrition, processing, quality, packaging
Background Meat is subjected to contamination from a range of sources throughout animal slaughter and its sale. The demand for meat products in Ethiopia has been increased dramatically; especially the consumption of fresh chilled meat becomes a status of symbol. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the bacteriological profile of meat contact surfaces, raw meat handling practices, and its associated factors in butcher shops located in Arba Minch town, southern Ethiopia. Methods and Materials...
food science, nutrition, processing, quality, color
Background Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are important protozoan parasites with worldwide distribu- tion among warm-blooded animals. Moreover, T. gondii is a zoonotic parasite that infects humans. Poultries are impor- tant intermediated hosts of T. gondii and N. caninum. However, little is known about the contamination of poultry eggs with these parasites. We aimed to investigate the molecular frequency of T. gondii and N. caninum among the eggs of chicken, domestic duck, and quail...
safety, analysis, chemistry, extraction, health
Mycotoxin contamination in rice can lead to a health risk for consumers. In this study, the health risk among differ- ent age groups of Vietnamese population in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam was evaluated through rice consumption. Total aflatoxins (AFs) and fumonisins (FBs) in raw rice samples (n = 50) were analyzed using an ELISA method. A survey (n = 155) was used to collect data on rice consumption and consumer practices for the evaluation of mycotoxin expo- sure. Results showed that the...
food science, processing, color, storage, safety
Maani et al. Food Safety and Risk (2023) 10:5 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40550-023-00105-z CORRECTION Open Access © The Author(s) 2023. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The...
safety, chemistry, health
Background Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a bacterium of public health importance. The zoonotic spread of this pathogen through animal‑derived foods has been reported. This systematic literature review investigates the preva‑ lence, distribution, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles, and molecular characteristics of S. aureus in the food chain in Nigeria. Methods A systematic search of online databases (Pub Med, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) for published articles from January...
processing, quality, packaging, storage, microorganisms
Background Fish constitutes a nutritious food that deteriorates quickly when poorly preserved. Several biochemicals, including formaldehyde, accumulate naturally in the fish post-mortem. Apart from this natural formaldehyde, reports reveal the deliberate addition of formalin (37% formaldehyde solution) to the stored fish as a preservative. This is risky to consumers since formaldehyde is carcinogenic, genotoxic, and a potentiator of other carcinogens. Aim This study aimed to assess both the...
protein, nutrition, processing, quality, sensory
Seasonal fluctuations influence foodborne illness transmission and affect patterns of microbial contamination of food. Previous investigations on the seasonality of Salmonella enterica prevalence in dairy products in Ethiopia have been minimal. However, such data are needed to inform strategic development of effective interventions to improve food safety, as seasonal differences may affect intervention strategies. This study was conducted to identify differences in the prevalence of Salmonella...
food science, nutrition, processing, quality, safety
Background: Improved nutrition intake in drug rehabilitation programmes enhances quality sobriety and pre- vents relapses. However, little is known about the nutritional status of substance users and institutionalised abstainers. Previous nutritional studies have mainly focused on methamphetamine, whereas ketamine has not been investigated despite its popularity amongst adolescents. Objectives: To compare nutrient intake and underweight status amongst three groups of adolescents –current...
protein, fiber, nutrition, quality, color
Background: Obesity has currently become a serious social problem to be solved. Sesamol, a natural bioactive substance extracted from sesame oil, has shown multiple physiological functions, and it might have an effect on the treatment of obesity. Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the therapeutic effect and potential mechanisms of sesamol on the treatment of obesity and metabolic disorders in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Methods: C57BL/6J male mice were fed HFD for 8...
protein, nutrition, storage, enzymes, analysis
Background: A woman’s food intake during pregnancy has important implications not only for herself but also for the future health and well-being of her child. Suboptimal dietary quality has been consistently reported in many high-income countries, reflecting poor adherence to dietary guidelines. Objective: This study aimed to explore the intake of food and nutrients in a cohort of pregnant women in Norway and their adherence to Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR) and Norwegian food-based...
food science, polyphenols, protein, fiber, nutrition
Background: Arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4, ω-6) is a ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and plays diverse roles in cell signaling. Numerous reports on the effects of ω-3 PUFAs, such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6, ω-3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5, ω-3) on learning and memory impairments of rats are available, however, the role of AA on brain cognition is largely unknown. Objective: In this study, our aim was to investigate the effect of oral administration of AA on spatial...
protein, nutrition, processing, sensory, enzymes