Eutectic Mixtures Based on Oleic Acid and Pulsed Electric Fields: A Strategy for the Extraction of Astaxanthin from Dry Biomass of Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous

The use of astaxanthin (AST) is expanding from its origins as a food coloring to health- related applications. This paper evaluates the efficiency of its extraction from dried Xan- thophyllomyces dendrorhous using two combined and consecutive techniques. First, cell membrane permeation is achieved with the application of pulsed electric fields (PEFs). Solid–liquid extraction is then performed with hydrophobic eutectic solvents (hESs) pre- pared by mixing components of essential oils (linalool,...