The Distinction of Chemical Profiles of Mountainous Forest Cultivated Ginseng and Garden Ginseng Based on Calcium Oxalate Crystals, Organic Acids, and Ginsenosides

This study aims to further analyze the chemical characteristics of mountainous forest cultivated ginseng (MFCG) and garden ginseng (GG), concerning their calcium oxalate crystals, organic acids, and ginsenosides. The results demonstrate that MFCG had higher levels of non-free oxalate, calcium oxalate crystals, and most ginsenosides, while GG had higher fumaric acid/total organic acids. The content of non-free oxalate and cal- cium oxalate crystals in rhizome was the highest, showing a positive...