Background: Obesity is a growing problem for public health worldwide. Calorie restriction (CR) is a safety and effective life intervention to defend against obesity. Short-term moderate CR may be a more favorable strategy against this pathology. However, the mechanisms behind the effects of CR remain to be clarified. Increased energy expenditure in the liver and brown adipose tissue could potentially be manipulated to modulate and improve metabolism in obesity. Moreover, nicotinamide adenine...
starch, protein, nutrition, safety, analysis
Background: Obesity is a global public health concern and increases the risk of metabolic syndrome and other diseases. The anti-obesity effects of various plant-derived bioactive compounds, such as tea extracts, are well-established. The mechanisms underlying the anti-obesity activity of Jinxuan green tea (JXGT) from different storage years are still unclear. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of JXGTs from three different years on the high fat diet (HFD)-fed mouse...
polyphenols, protein, fiber, nutrition, processing
Background: Obesity has become a global epidemic recognized by the World Health Organization. Probiotics supplementation has been shown to contribute to improve lipid metabolism. However, mechanisms of action of probiotics against obesity are still not clear. Lactobacillus plantarum FRT4, a probiotic previously isolated from a kind of local yogurt, had good acid and bile salt tolerance and lowered cholesterol in vitro. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of L. plantarum FRT4 on...
protein, fiber, nutrition, storage, fermentation
Background: Parental feeding practices may be important determinants for children’s diets. In Norway, few studies have assessed this association and to our knowledge, no studies have included fish as an outcome. Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the association between multiple parental feeding practices and children’s food intake. Design: Parents (n = 111) of preschool children aged 1–5 years in the Gardermoen Region in Norway were re- cruited. The parents completed a...
nutrition, quality, analysis, health
Background: Fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) is a well-known gene associated with body weight and obesity risk. Recent studies have suggested that genetic variations in FTO may play a role in the regulation of food preference and consumption. However, little is known with respect to Asian populations. Objective: This study examined whether rs1121980 C > T in FTO is associated with food intake in Koreans. Design: This study was performed using data from the Korean Genome and...
food science, protein, nutrition, quality, sensory
Background: Excessive consumption of dietary fat is closely related to obesity, diabetes, insulin resistance, car- diovascular disease, hypertension, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Recently, probiotics have been highly proposed as biotherapeutic to treat and prevent diseases. Previously, there are studies that demonstrated the beneficial effects of probiotics against metabolic disorders, including obesity and diabetes. Objective: We investigated the anti-obesity effect and mechanism of...
protein, fiber, nutrition, processing, storage
Background: GJ-4 is extracted from Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis (Fructus Gardenia) with crocin compo- sition and has been demonstrated to improve memory deficits in several dementia models in our previous studies. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of GJ-4 on hyperlipidemic vascular dementia (VD) and explore the underlying mechanisms. Design: In the current study, we employed a chronic hyperlipidemic VD rat model by permanent bilateral common carotid arteries occlusion (2-VO)...
protein, nutrition, analysis, chemistry, extraction
Background: Edible fungi (mushrooms) have attracted much more concerns due to their abundant nutritions and functional bioactive substances like polysaccharides. Objective: In this study, the anti-oxidation and anti-aging activities of polysaccharide fraction (LDP-1) from the wild Lactarius deliciosus fruiting bodies were systematically evaluated using Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) as a model. Methods: Lifetime determination of C. elegans (survival status) was observed via microscope....
polyphenols, antioxidants, protein, nutrition, processing
Background: Resveratrol, a well-known natural compound and nutrient, activates the deacetylation ability of SIRT1, demonstrating p53-dependent apoptosis functions in many diseases. However, the nascent proteomic fluctuation caused by resveratrol is still unclear. Objective: In this study, we investigated the effect of resveratrol on the nascent proteome and transcriptome initiated by SIRT1 activation, and we explored the mechanism of resveratrol in HEK 293T cells. Methods: Bioorthogonal...
protein, nutrition, color, analysis, chemistry
Background: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is an effective supplement for reducing fat mass, but its effect on hepatic steatosis remains controversial. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of CLA on liver fat accumulation, inflammation, gut micro- biome, and intestinal barrier integrity. Design: Wild-type (WT) mice and ob/ob (OB) mice were randomly divided into four groups according to the treatment with/without 1% CLA: WT, WT mice treated with CLA (WT-CLA), OB, and OB mice...
polyphenols, protein, nutrition, color, microorganisms
Background: Globally, obesity is a significant public problem, especially when aging. Sesamol, a phenolic lignan present in sesame seeds, might have a positive effect on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity associated with aging. Objective: The purpose of current research study was to explore salutary effects and mechanisms of sesamol in treating alimentary obesity and associated metabolic syndrome in middle-aged mice. Methods: C57BL/6J mice aged 4–6 weeks and 6–8 months were assigned to the...
polyphenols, antioxidants, protein, fiber, nutrition
Background: The health benefits of tea are as diverse including the reduction of uric acid levels. Xanthine oxidase is the most directly mediated enzyme in the production of uric acid. Objective: To explore the inhibitory effects of different teas and its main bioactive components on the production of uric acid. Design: Experimental study. The experiments were conducted in vitro using human immortalized normal liver cell line HL-7702 (L-02). Results: The inhibition of the xanthine oxidase...
polyphenols, antioxidants, protein, nutrition, processing
Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the evidence for an association between the dietary protein intake in children and the growth and risk of overweight or obesity up to 18 years of age in settings relevant for the Nordic countries. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus up to February 26, 2021 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or prospective cohort studies assessing for protein intake from foods (total and from...
food science, protein, nutrition, quality, safety
Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be caused by abnormal bowel movements, altered brain-gut axis, gut microbiota change, and low levels of inflammation or immune activation. The intake of food contain- ing much fiber and lactic acid bacteria (LABs) can alleviate IBS. Objective: This study was undertaken to confirm the alleviative effect of kimchi on symptoms of IBS. Design: Three types of kimchi (standard kimchi, SK; dead nano-sized Lactobacillus plantarum nF1 (nLp) added to...
food science, protein, fiber, nutrition, quality
Background: Finger foods, foods that can be eaten without cutlery, may be a strategy to increase autonomy and food intake amongst older adults with motoric eating difficulties. In order to develop optimal finger foods, knowledge about sensory preferences and requirements in the target population is needed. Objective: To assess sensory preferences and requirements amongst Swedish older adults with motoric eating difficulties. Design: Check-all-that-apply (CATA), a methodology that does not...
food science, protein, nutrition, quality, sensory
Background: Pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) is a fruit from Brazilian Cerrado rich in bioactive compounds, such as phytosterols and tocopherols, which can modulate the death of cancer cells. Objective: In the present study, the main bioactive compounds of hydrophilic and lipophilic extracts of pequi oil and pulp were identified and were verified if they exert modulatory effects on oxidative stress of mononu- clear cells cocultured with MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Study design: Identification...
polyphenols, antioxidants, nutrition, color, enzymes
Capsaicin (CAP) is one of the active ingredients found in chili peppers and has been shown to reduce fat. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms of CAP activity by investigating intestinal microorganisms and bile acids (BAs). This study utilized 16S RNA sequencing to detect gut microbiota in cecal contents, and BAs in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were also investigated. The results showed that 1) CAP increased the levels of che- nodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), deoxycholic acid (DCA), β-muricholic...
food science, polyphenols, antioxidants, starch, protein
Background: Rosmarinic acid (RA) has biological and pharmaceutical properties and shows hepatoprotective potential. However, the hepatoprotective mechanism of RA needs to be further elucidated in vivo and in vitro. Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate the protective effect of RA on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury and elucidate the hepatoprotective mechanism of RA in vivo and in vitro. Design: In vivo, the mice were orally administrated with RA (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg bw)...
food science, polyphenols, protein, nutrition, color
Background: Essential oils (EOs), derived from aromatic plants, exhibit properties beneficial to health, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, antidiabetic, and antiaging effects. However, the effect of EOs and their interaction in binary combinations against tyrosinase is not yet known. Objective: To evaluate the underlying mechanisms of EOs and their interaction in binary combinations against tyrosinas. Design: We explored to investigate the inhibitory effect of 65 EOs and the...
nutrition, quality, color, shelf life, analysis
Background: Troxerutin is a flavonoid compound and possesses potential anti-cancer, antioxidant, and an- ti-inflammatory activities. Besides, cisplatin is one of the most widely used therapeutic agents, but the clinical uses of cisplatin are often associated with multiple side effects, among which nephrotoxicity is more common. Objective and design: This study explored the protective effects of troxerutin (150 mg kg−1 day−1 for 14 days) against cisplatin-induced kidney injury and the potential...
polyphenols, protein, nutrition, color, enzymes
Background: The consumption of wheat/gluten is associated with adverse reactions for human health. Gluten and fructans are identified as the major compounds triggering and worsening adverse reactions to wheat, which are increasing, and as a consequence, avoidance of gluten/wheat is the common strategy of many individuals of the western population. Although bread is a product of daily consumption, there is a lack of information on the gluten and fructan contents and the influence of artisanal...
wheat, flour, starch, protein, fiber
Background: Blue honeysuckle (BH; Lonicera caerulea L.), which is a traditional medicinal plant, is known to be a rich source of anthocyanins and phenolic acids due to its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Its anti-obesity effects, which are a result of attenuating abnormal lipid and glucose metabolisms, have also been reported. Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of BH on genes and proteins that are involved in the adipocyte differentiation using...
food science, antioxidants, protein, nutrition, processing
Background: Knowledge about the nutrient intakes and food consumption in the Nordic and Baltic coun- tries is important for the formulation of dietary reference values (DRVs) and food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs), as part of the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2022 project (NNR2022). Objective: To describe nutrient intake and food consumption at a broad level in the adult population of each Nordic and Baltic country. This paper also provides guidance on where to find more information on...
protein, fiber, nutrition, color, safety
Introduction: Public health professionals established a direct link between obesity and the rise in high caloric beverage intake. Current recommendations promote the elimination of sweet fruit drinks from the popula- tion’s diet. One way of evading this is by modifying the drink’s nutritional characteristics regarding nutrient uptake and utilization. Objectives: evaluate the protein quality of a soy/maize protein (SMP) and its physiological effects on nutrient intake and to assess glycemic...
flour, starch, protein, nutrition, processing
Background: Metabolic diseases have been related to gut microbiota, and new knowledge indicates that diet impacts host metabolism through the gut microbiota. Identifying specific gut bacteria associated with both diet and metabolic risk markers may be a potential strategy for future dietary disease prevention. However, studies investigating the association between the gut microbiota, diet, and metabolic markers in healthy indi- viduals are scarce. Objective: We explored the relationship...
flour, starch, protein, fiber, nutrition
Background: Obesity, abnormal fat accumulation in the adipose tissue, has become a serious global public health problem as it increases an individual’s risk of developing various diseases. Objective: This study sought to determine whether the extract from sunflower seed (SUNCA) prevents the development of obesity in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Design: C57BL/6J mice were fed with AIN93G normal diet (Normal diet), 60% HFD, HFD containing Catechin 100 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)...
flour, protein, nutrition, color, enzymes
Objective: To systematically review the evidence for whether habitual or different levels of experimental intake of vitamin B12 from diet and supplements is sufficient to ensure adequate B12 status in groups most suscep- tible to vitamin B12 deficiency. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Scopus up to 21 May 2021, for intervention studies, prospective cohort studies and case-control studies assessing B12 intake from diet and/or supplements...
food science, protein, nutrition, quality, analysis
Background: The ageing processes occur slowly over time and are often not detectable by the individual. Thus, preparing for dietary needs in later years should start at an earlier age than most people realise. Objective: This study aims at better understanding what characterises food-related practices in active, home-living older adults, in order to identify food-related factors that act as barriers and those that promote healthy ageing. Design: Three experiments were conducted: First, a...
food science, wheat, protein, nutrition, quality
Objective: To identify, critically appraise, and synthesize evidence on the effect of quality of dietary fat intake and different classes of fatty acids on the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia in adults aged ≥50 years. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central of Controlled Trials, and Scopus for clinical trials and prospective cohort studies published until May 2021. Two reviewers independently screened retrieved literature, extracted relevant data, and performed...
food science, protein, nutrition, processing, quality
Background: Antcin K, an extract of Antrodia cinnamomea (a medicinal mushroom endemic to Taiwan com- monly used in Chinese medicine preparations), inhibits proinflammatory cytokine production and angiogen- esis in human rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs), major players in RA disease. Antcin K also inhibits disease activity in mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Up until now, the effects of Antcin K upon cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) were unknown. Methods: RA and healthy...
protein, nutrition, analysis, bioactive, health
Background: Bifidobacterium lactis A12 (B. lactis A12) has been shown to have the potential to prevent obesity. However, the mechanisms by which it affects the control of energy metabolism have not been fully elucidated. Objective: The present work aimed to clarify the mechanisms by that B. lactis A12 has an effect on the management of energy metabolism. Design: Three- to five-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into five groups, 15 mice for each group. Low-fat diet (LFD) group...
food science, starch, protein, fiber, nutrition
Background: Short bowel syndrome (SBS) has high morbidity and mortality rates, and promoting intesti- nal adaptation of the residual intestine is a critical treatment. Dietary inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) plays an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, but its effect on SBS remains unclear. This study aimed at investigating the effect of IP6 on SBS and clarified its underlying mechanism. Methods: Forty male Sprague–Dawley rats (3-week-old) were randomly assigned into four groups...
protein, fiber, nutrition, processing, quality
Background: Documentation of health effects of residuals after fish filleting may motivate both consumers and producers to increase the use of this under-utilised protein source. Objectives: The primary objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of a diet containing resid- uals from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) filleting on the development of high blood pressure in obese Zucker fa/fa rats, which spontaneously develop hypertension and proteinuria. The secondary objectives were...
antioxidants, starch, protein, nutrition, processing
Background: Arborinine is a natural product isolated from Globigerina parva (G. parva) leaf extract that shows strong anticancer activity with its role in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) unreported. Objective: We aim to evaluate the role of Arborinine in ccRCC. Design: Arborinine was tested for its effects in ccRCC cell lines in vitro and in silico. Results: Arborinine conferred inhibitory effect to ccRCC cells at reasonable doses. Arborinine showed inhibitory effects on Lysine...
protein, nutrition, processing, color, analysis
Objective: This study examined the anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects of sporoderm-broken spore powder of Ganoderma lucidum (SSPL) against obese mice fed with a high-fat diet. Methods: Four groups of C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to the following diets: control diet (CD); high-fat diet (HD); high-fat diet plus l-carnitine (HDL); and high-fat diet with sporoderm-broken spore pow- der of Ganoderma lucidum (HDG). They were subjected to 12 weeks of testing. Results: Supplementation...
food science, protein, nutrition, storage, enzymes
Background: Good health requires healthy eating. However, individuals with eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa, require treatment to modify their dietary behaviours and prevent health complications. There is no consensus on the best treatment practices and treatment outcomes are usually poor. While normalising eat- ing behaviour is a cornerstone in treatment, few studies have focused on eating and food-related obstacles to treatment. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate...
food science, nutrition, quality, sensory, texture
Background: The aim of this article (scoping review) is to elucidate the current knowledge for the potential role of body weight for setting and updating Dietary Reference Values (DRVs) and Food-Based Dietary Guide- lines (FBDGs). The following research questions were formulated:
protein, fiber, nutrition, quality, analysis
Background: Bread is an important source of dietary fibre. However, an increasing number of individuals exclude bread from their habitual diet for various reasons. In recent years, sourdough bread has increased in popularity, and clinical studies have indicated that sourdough bread may decrease gastrointestinal symptoms. Objective: To investigate attitudes towards and experiences with sourdough and baker’s yeast bread amongst participants in a randomised controlled trial (RCT), the health...
wheat, fiber, nutrition, processing, quality
Objective: To assess whether supplementation with long chain n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy, lactation, or infancy reduces the risk of developing asthma or atopic disease during childhood. Methods: Searches were performed in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus up to 2021-09-20, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effect of supple- mental long chain n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy, lactation, or infancy for the prevention of...
food science, nutrition, quality, analysis, extraction
Background: Açaí (Euterpe oleracea) has a rich nutritional composition, showing nutraceutical and protective effects in several organs. In this study, the effects of an açaí-enriched diet on motor performance, anxiety-like behavior, and memory retention were deeply investigated. Methods: Eight-week male Wistar rats were fed with an Euterpe oleracea (EO) pulp-enriched diet, an olive oil-enriched (OO) diet (polyunsaturated fatty acid [PUFA] fat control diet), or a chow diet for 31 days (28 days...
polyphenols, antioxidants, protein, fiber, nutrition
Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases are characterized by the alterations of the mucosa and gastroin- testinal physiology, and the core of these alterations is endothelial cells. Quercetin is a flavonoid presents in some traditional Chinese medicine, plants, and fruits. Its protective effects in several gastrointestinal tumors have been demonstrated, but its effects on bacterial enteritis and pyroptosis-related diseases have rarely been studied. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the...
protein, nutrition, quality, color, analysis
Objectives: We aimed to systematically review studies and evaluate the strength of the evidence on nuts/seeds consumption and cardiometabolic diseases and their risk factors among adults. Methods: A protocol was pre-registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021270554). We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Scopus up to September 20, 2021 for prospec- tive cohort studies and ≥12-week randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Main outcomes were cardiovascular disease...
food science, polyphenols, antioxidants, protein, nutrition
Background: Macrophage plays an important role in innate immune responses by secreting immune molecules and phagocytosis. Camellia oleifera fruit shell, accounting for approximately 60% weight of the single C. oleif- era fruit, is rich in polysaccharides and has several biological activities such as anti-oxidation, lipid regulation and anticancer. However, the immunomodulatory activity of the polysaccharide from C. oleifera fruit shells (CPS) has not been reported. Objective: This study aimed...
protein, nutrition, color, enzymes, microorganisms
Background: Nutritional interventions may serve as a stress resilience strategy with important implications for human health. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation throughout wintertime on problem-solving and planning abilities during stressful circumstances. Design: A total of 77 male inpatients with a mean age of 48 years (range 31–81) and stress-related mental health disorders were randomly assigned into a Vitamin D supplement group...
nutrition, processing, color, storage, analysis
Background: The demand for safe and efficacious botanical formulations to increase muscle mass, strength, and stamina is increasing among athletes and the general population. The nutraceutical supplements of medicinal plant origin exert minimal health concern. Objective: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was aimed to evaluate the ergogenic potential of a proprietary, standardized formulation (LI12542F6) of Sphaeranthus indicus flower head and Mangifera indica stem bark...
antioxidants, protein, nutrition, color, safety
Background: Garcinia cambogia is widely used as a weight-loss supplement, and it is reported to be negatively associated with metabolic diseases including insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), non-al- coholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and dyslipidemia. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of G. cambogia water extract (GE) on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity, IR, and hepatic lipid accumulation. Design: C57BL/6 male mice were fed HFD with or without GE,...
food science, polyphenols, antioxidants, wheat, protein
Background: Liver cancer is associated with a high mortality rate worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) constitutes a large proportion of primary liver cancers, and most of its alterations currently remain untreat- able. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), the main chemical constituent of allicin, affects tumour development by regu- lating cell apoptosis. Allicin-induced autophagy could contribute to apoptosis in HepG2 cells. We rigorously examined the autophagy-related mechanism of allicin-induced...
protein, nutrition, color, analysis, bioactive
Background: A healthy diet is important not only for the growth and development of the human body but also for the prevention of chronic diseases. However, most Swedish adolescents do not follow dietary recommen- dations, especially the intake of whole grain is very low. To create targeted conditions for healthy food choices amongst adolescents, comprehensive knowledge of factors related to adolescents’ unhealthy and healthy eat- ing is needed. Objective: To investigate adolescents’ attitudes,...
food science, nutrition, processing, quality, sensory
Purpose: To investigate possible mechanisms underlying the greater susceptibility of lipid metabolism disor- ders in low birth weight (LBW) mice fed with high-fat diets (HFDs). Methods: LBW mice model was established by using the pregnancy malnutrition method. Male pups were selected from LBW and normal-birth weight (NBW) offspring at random. After 3 weeks of weaning, all offspring mice were fed with HFD. Serum triglycerides (TGs), cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), total bile...
protein, nutrition, quality, enzymes, analysis
Background: Preschoolers suffer frequently from infections. Although nutrition plays a key role in immune function, very little is known about the impact of overall diet on preschoolers’ infections. Objective: To assess the associations between dietary patterns, common infections and antibiotic use among Finnish preschoolers. Design: The study included 721 3–6-year-old preschoolers participating in the cross-sectional DAGIS survey. Parents retrospectively reported the number of common colds,...
protein, fiber, nutrition, quality, analysis