Foliar-Selenium-Induced Modulation of Volatile Organic Compounds in Rice Grains: A Comparative Study of Sodium Selenite and Nano-Selenium

Rice aroma is influenced by many factors, including selenium (Se) fertilizer. In this study, we investigated the effects of different Se species on the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in three indica rice varieties over 2022 and 2023 by forliar spray. The VOCs were analyzed using HS-SPME-GC-MS. The results showed that both Se nanoparticles (SeNPs) and sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) significantly increased the contents of most VOCs in all three varieties, with SeNPs exhibiting a more pronounced...