Background: The use of botanical medicine has been demonstrated as a potential strategy to manage or treat a variety of health issues. Terminalia chebula (Retz) fruit and Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal roots are important medicinal herbs described in Ayurveda and traditional therapy for diverse health benefits. Objective: This pilot study aimed to evaluate the immune function-enhancing potential of a unique blend of T. chebula fruit and W. somnifera root extracts, LN20189, in healthy men and...
polyphenols, protein, nutrition, quality, color
Background: Obesity is closely associated with several chronic diseases, and adipose tissue plays a major role in modulating energy metabolism. Objective: This study aimed to determine whether Mate, derived from I. paraguariensis A.St.-Hil., amelio- rates lipid metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Design: 3T3-L1 adipocytes were cultured for 7 days, following which intracellular lipid accumulation and expres- sion levels of lipid...
polyphenols, antioxidants, protein, nutrition, enzymes
Blood pressure (BP) rises along with increasing sodium intake from early childhood to late adulthood, and leads to hypertension among most men and women living in Nordic and Baltic countries. Elevated BP is the leading global risk factor for premature deaths and disability-adjusted life-years. A reduction in sodium intake is essential in the prevention of hypertension in individuals, in the lowering of BP levels, in the treat- ment of hypertensive individuals, and in decreasing risks...
protein, nutrition, processing, quality, safety
Potassium (K) is an essential mineral that is necessary for normal cell and membrane function and for main- taining both fluid balance and acid-base balance. Potassium is furthermore very important for normal exci- tation, for example in nerves and muscle. It is widely available in several food products, with the most important dietary sources being potatoes, fruits, vegetables, cereal and cereal products, milk and dairy products, and meat and meat products. Potassium deficiency and toxicity...
nutrition, processing, quality, enzymes, safety
Aroma, an important quality characteristic of plant fruits, is produced by volatile organic compounds (VOCs), mainly terpenes, aldehydes, alcohols, esters, ketones, and other secondary metabolites, in plant cells. There are significant differences in the VOC profile of various fruits. The main pathways involved in the synthesis of VOCs are the terpenoid, phenylalanine, and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways, which involve several key enzyme-encoding genes, transcription factors (TFs), and...
protein, nutrition, processing, quality, sensory
This study aimed to unleash the potential of indigenous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) origi- nating from traditionally made Serbian goat cheese. Following the isolation and identification of the LAB, the safety aspects of the isolates were evaluated through tests for hemolytic activity and anti- biotic sensitivity. The selected isolates were then tested for various technological properties, includ- ing growth in methylene blue, proteolytic activity, acidification, curd formation ability in both...
food science, protein, nutrition, processing, quality
In this study, the effect of carrot fiber and certain gums on the physicochemical, textural, microbiological, and sensory properties of block-type melting cheese, which holds a significant place in our daily food consumption, was investigated. The study also aimed to determine the impact of carrot fiber and other gums on cheese properties, as well as on yield and meltability. Carrot fiber was used at levels of 2.5% and 5.0% by weight, while carrageenan and xanthan gum were each used at levels...
antioxidants, flour, protein, fiber, nutrition
Foods 2024, 13, 1969. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13131969 www.mdpi.com/journal/foods Editorial New Insights into Milk and Dairy Products: Quality and Sustainability Paolo Formaggioni 1,* and Piero Franceschi 2,* 1 Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy 2 Department of Food and Drug Science, University of Parma, Via delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy * Correspondence: paolo.formaggioni@unipr.it (P.F.); piero.franceschi@unipr.it (P.F.)...
protein, nutrition, processing, quality, sensory
The citrate industry has a wide range of applications in food, pharmaceutical, and other fields. As a common class of food additives and functional supplements with tremendous devel- opment potential and strong core competitiveness, particles with good powder characteristics and functionalization are becoming one of the primary directions in the evolution of citrate into the high-end market. This article reviews the primary citrate crystallization techniques and examines the fundamental...
protein, fiber, nutrition, processing, quality
The traditional Chinese Baijiu brewing process utilizes natural inoculation and open fermentation. The microbial composition and abundance in the microecology of Baijiu brewing often exhibit unstable characteristics, which directly results in fluctuations in Baijiu quality. The microbiota plays a crucial role in determining the quality of Baijiu. Analyzing the driving effect of technology and raw materials on microorganisms. Elucidating the source of core microorganisms and interactions...
food science, polyphenols, wheat, starch, protein
Although sorafenib (Sor) is the only effective drug for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), its therapeutic potential to date is mainly limited to the low tumor response. This study was designed to explore whether resveratrol (Res) could potentiate the anticancerous activity of Sor. We used HepG2 and Huh7 HCC cell lines and BALB/c nude mice for in vitro and in vivo studies, respectively. The cultured cell lines and tumor induction in the mice were treated with different concentrations of Res and...
protein, nutrition, color, analysis, chemistry
Background: The fruits of Momordica charantia L., also named as bitter gourd or bitter melon in popular, is a common tropical vegetable that is traditionally used to reduce blood glucose. A peptide derived from bitter gourd, Momordica charantia insulin receptor binding peptid-19 (mcIRBP-19), had been demonstrated to pos- sess an insulin-like effect in vitro and in the animal studies. However, the benefit of the mcIRBP-19-containing bitter gourd extracts (mcIRBP-19-BGE) for lowering blood...
starch, protein, nutrition, safety, analysis
Background: Previous animal and in vitro studies indicated that anthocyanidins might contribute to the prevention of obesity, while epidemiological evidences were scarce and had not been conducted in children. Objective: We explored the associations between anthocyanidins and body composition in children. Design: A cross-sectional study involving 452 children aged 6–9 years in Guangzhou, China, was carried out. Dietary information was collected using a 79-items food frequency questionnaire....
protein, nutrition, quality, color, analysis
Background: Lycium barbarum berries have been utilized in Asia for many years. However, the mechanisms of its lung-defensive properties are indeterminate. Objective: We investigate whether L. barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) could weaken Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection-induced lung injury. Design: Mice primary air-liquid interface epithelial cultures were pretreated with LBP and subsequently treated with pyocyanin (PCN). Lung injury, including apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, was...
protein, nutrition, processing, analysis, chemistry
Background: In Canada, regulatory changes have expanded marketing opportunities for voluntarily fortified products (VFPs), with micronutrient additions permitted at levels well in excess of human requirements. Objective: To examine how the consumption of VFPs relates to usual nutrient intakes in the Canadian population. Design: The 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey comprises single 24-h dietary intake recalls on a population-representative sample of 20,487 individuals aged 1 year and...
flour, protein, fiber, nutrition, safety
Background: Preterm human milk has advantages over preterm formula (PF), but it may compromise some functions after pasteurization. Objective: To explore the effects of preterm donor milk (DM) on growth, feeding tolerance, and severe morbidity in very-low-birth-weight infants. Method: This was a single-center, prospective cohort study that included 304 preterm infants weighing <1,500 g or of gestational age <32 weeks. If the mother’s own milk was insufficient, the parents decided to use PF (n...
protein, nutrition, processing, quality, storage
Background: Inflammatory liver diseases present a significant public health problem. Probiotics are a kind of living microorganisms, which can improve the balance of host intestinal flora, promote the proliferation of intes- tinal beneficial bacteria, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, improve immunity, reduce blood lipids and so on. Probiotics in fermented foods have attracted considerable attention lately as treatment options for liver injury. Objective: The aim of this study was...
food science, wheat, protein, nutrition, processing
Background: The fruit Prunus mume has beneficial effects in the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome. However, its mechanism of action is unclear. Objective: We assessed the effect of a concentrated water extract of P. mume fruit (CEPM) on adipogenesis and beiging/browning in 3T3-L1 cells. Methods: The cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Lipid accumulation was assessed with Oil Red O (ORO) staining under different concentrations of CEPM. The effects of CEPM treatment during...
protein, nutrition, fermentation, enzymes, analysis
Background: Existing evidence suggest that lactoferrin might be beneficial for Alzheimer’s disease, while pre- cise mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Objective: To determine the effects of lactoferrin intervention on cognitive function from APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) mice, and potential mechanisms involved. Design: Both the young and middle-aged male APP/PS1 mice were divided into the control and lactoferrin intervention groups with 16 weeks’ intervention. Results: Lactoferrin had no effects...
polyphenols, protein, nutrition, processing, quality
Background: A mixture of five herbal extracts called internatural (INT), which is prepared from pumpkin seeds, purple turmeric, pearl barley, corn pistil, and cinnamon, is widely used by people in Japan and elsewhere for its immunity-enhancing effects and general health. Although anecdotal evidence indicates its efficacy, the mechanisms by which INT boosts immunity have remained unknown. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether INT induces type I interferons (IFNs) in murine...
protein, nutrition, quality, analysis, health
Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are generally characterized by persistent abdominal pain and diarrhea caused by chronic inflammation in the intestine. Cathelicidins are antimicrobial peptides with pleiotropic roles in anti-infection, wound healing, and immune modulation. However, the sensitivity to the acidic environment and short half-life of cathelicidins limit their application in IBD treatment. Recombinant cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP)-producing...
food science, protein, nutrition, quality, color
Background: Hypoxia is associated with abnormal cell apoptosis in trophoblast cells, which causes fetal growth restriction and related placental pathologies. Few effective methods for the prevention and treatment of placenta-related diseases exist. Natural products and functional foods have always been a rich source of potential anti-apoptotic drugs. Nobiletin (NOB), a hexamethoxyflavonoid derived from the citrus pomace, shows an anti-apoptotic activity, which is a non-toxic constituent of...
protein, nutrition, processing, quality, storage
Introduction: Malnutrition is common among people with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. Nutritional supplementation at initiation of antiretroviral treatment (ART) has shown beneficial effects, but it is not known if supplementation replaces or supplements the habitual energy intake in a context of food insecurity. Methods: As part of a randomised controlled trial among people with HIV initiating ART in Ethiopia, we assessed whether the provision of a lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS) affected...
protein, nutrition, quality, analysis, bread
Background: Aging can induce oxidative stress, inflammation and mucosal impairment, and few works have been conducted to investigate the protective effects of WP on the natural intestinal aging process. Objective: The present work aimed to examine the protective effect of wheat oligopeptides (WP) on intestine mucosal impairment in aged mice, and investigate the potential antioxidation, anti-inflammatory effects of WP. Design: Seventy-two aged mice (24 months old) were randomly divided into six...
polyphenols, antioxidants, wheat, protein, nutrition
Background: Monitoring dietary habits is important in order to identify risk groups and as a basis for targeted public health initiatives. Objective: To study trends in consumption of selected foods and beverages from 2016 to 2019 amongst Nor- wegian adolescents according to gender and parental education. Design: Repeated cross-sectional study amongst 25,996 adolescents, aged 14–17 years old. Consumption of se- lected food and beverages was measured by an online food frequency questionnaire...
nutrition, quality, analysis, bread, health
Background: Obesity control and prevention remains challenging. Randomized controlled trials in western countries have demonstrated efficacy of dairy supplementation on fat mass reduction and lean mass increase, when combined with energy restriction protocols. However, there is scanty information on this issue among the East Asian population. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the association between milk consumption and weight status in Asian. Design: First, we studied the...
protein, fiber, nutrition, analysis, chemistry
Background: Pumpkin seed oil is widely used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a common disease in elder men. However, its active components and mechanism have remained to be elucidated. Objective: The objective of the present study was to investigate the active components of pumpkin seed oil and its mechanism against BPH. Design: Total phytosterol (TPS) was isolated from hull-less pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L. var. Styriaca) seed oil and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry...
protein, nutrition, analysis, chemistry, bioactive
Background: Maternal exogenous docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) intake during the pregnancy, especially DHA, has inconsistent effects on reducing the fat storage of the infants in different clinical studies. Objectives: We sought to determine the effects of maternal exogenous DHA-rich n-3 PUFAs capsule intake from the different pregnancy periods on the weight gain of their infants through modifying the DNA methyl- ation status of obesity-associated genes...
protein, nutrition, quality, color, storage
Background: Colocasia esculenta Schott (called as Xiangshayu in Chinese) is an excellent local cultivar of the genus polymorpha in Jiangsu Province, China. Objective: In the present study, we have performed a comparative study before and after dietary consumption with Colocasia esculenta Schott to evaluate its anti-cancerous properties. Design: Forty-two healthy volunteers were recruited, and dietary consumption with 200 g of tap water cooked Colocasia esculenta Schott daily was conducted for...
starch, protein, fiber, nutrition, color
Background: New methods of dietary assessment are increasingly making use of online technologies. The development of a new online food frequency questionnaire warranted investigation of its feasibility and the reproducibility of its results. Objective: To investigate the feasibility and reproducibility of a newly developed online FFQ (WebFFQ). Design: The semiquantitative WebFFQ was designed to assess the habitual diet the previous year, with ques- tions about frequency of intake and portion...
protein, fiber, nutrition, quality, color
Background: Women of reproductive age (WRA), especially in sub-Saharan Africa, are vulnerable to micro- nutrient deficiencies driven largely by poor quality diets. Intervening into food value chains, on which many households in low- and middle-income countries depend for their livelihood, may be a promising approach to improving diets in these contexts. Objective: In this pilot-scale randomized trial, we evaluated whether a multisectoral, food value chain interven- tion improved the diet...
food science, starch, nutrition, processing, quality
Background: Kiwifruit is a popular fruit consumed worldwide and is also used as a cosmetic ingredient. How- ever, it is known to cause allergic reactions in humans. Recent studies have suggested an association between food allergy and food allergens entering the body via the skin. However, percutaneously sensitizing kiwifruit allergens have not been identified in human studies or in animal models. Objective: This study aimed to identify kiwifruit proteins that percutaneously sensitized mice...
polyphenols, antioxidants, wheat, protein, fiber
Background: Despite the well-known fact that acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) can induce anaphylaxis in patients susceptible to wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis, few studies have sought to investigate the effects of cofactors on type-1 food allergy and none with ASA and hen’s egg and hen’s egg and alcohol combined. Methods and results: We applied the experimental model of ‘passive cutaneous anaphylaxis’ in humans to study whether the absorption kinetics of egg white is altered while...
wheat, protein, nutrition, safety, analysis
Background: Nonalcoholic fatty-liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health problem associated with gut dys- biosis and intestinal permeability. Broccoli is a natural source of bioactive phytochemicals, characterized by health-promoting properties. Objective: This study evaluated the effect of broccoli florets and stalks on liver fat accumulation, inflamma- tion, gut microbiome, and intestinal barrier integrity. Design: Male C57BL/6J mice (n = 32, 8-week-old) were fed with a high-fat...
food science, antioxidants, starch, protein, fiber
Background: In recent years, functional food components have attracted considerable attention. Resveratrol, a food polyphenol, has been widely studied due to its various physiological activities. Previously, we identified a novel resveratrol derivative, named RK4, in food, which is formed by a chemical reaction involving resveratrol and caffeic acid. Furthermore, it was suggested that high-pressure treatment is an important factor in RK4 production. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to...
polyphenols, antioxidants, flour, starch, protein
Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic metabolic disease that easily induces hepatitis, cirrhosis, and even liver cancer. The long-term use of NAFLD therapeutic drugs produces toxicity and drug resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to develop high efficiency and low-toxicity active ingredients to alleviate NAFLD. Objective: This study aimed to reveal the role and mechanism of a new functional food CMT in alleviating NAFLD. Results: In the ob/ob fatty liver mice...
polyphenols, protein, nutrition, processing, quality
Background: Disturbance of circadian rhythm leads to abnormalities in bile acid (BA) and lipid metabolism, and it is of great significance to explore the relationship between them. This study explored the effects of cir- cadian dysregulation on the rhythms of intestinal BA metabolism. Method: Period circadian clock 1/period circadian clock 2 (Per1/Per2) double gene knockout (DKO) and wild- type (WT) male C57BL/6 mice were fed with a control or high-fat diet for 16 weeks. We measure plasma...
polyphenols, protein, fiber, nutrition, storage
Background: Inflammation is emerging as a key contributor to many vascular diseases and furthermore plays a major role in autoimmune diseases, arthritis, allergic reactions, and cancer. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is a component constituting the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, is commonly used for an inflam- matory stimuli to mimic inflammatory diseases. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a transcription factor and regulates gene expression particularly related to the inflammatory...
protein, nutrition, safety, analysis, chemistry
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has increased over the last decades and may evolve into hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). As HCC is challenging to treat, knowledge on the modifiable risk fac- tors for NAFLD/HCC (e.g. hyper caloric diets rich in fructose) is essential. Objective and design: We used a model of diethyl nitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis to investigate the liver cancer-promoting effects of a diet supplemented with 10% liquid fructose, administered to male...
food science, protein, fiber, nutrition, quality
Background: Children’s first years of life are crucial to their future health. Studies show that a varied diet with a high intake of vegetables is positive in several domains of health. The present low vegetable intake amongst children is, therefore, a concern. Food neophobia is a common barrier to vegetable intake in children. As most Norwegian children attend kindergarten from an early age, kindergartens could contribute to the prevention of food neophobia and the promotion of vegetable...
nutrition, quality, sensory, analysis, bread
Background: Dietary nucleotides [inclusion adenosine 5’-monophosphate (AMP)] supplementation was shown to promote the feed intake of sows and increase the AMP content in their milk in our previous work, but whether AMP shapes the energy expenditure and lipid metabolism in mammals remains unknown. Here, we aimed to explore the effects and the related mechanism of dietary AMP supplementation on food intake, body composition, energy expenditure, and lipid metabolism in male mice. Methods:...
protein, nutrition, storage, enzymes, analysis
Background: Dietary diversity is generally considered as a good indicator of nutrient adequacy and is influenced by various factors at the national, household, and individual levels. Objective: The present study sought to determine the relationships between household food insecurity, primary caregivers’ nutrition knowledge, and dietary diversity of school-aged children in Ghana. Methods: This forms part of a longitudinal study conducted in the Ayawaso West Municipal district in Accra (urban...
food science, starch, protein, nutrition, quality
Sensitive skin is a common condition that affects many people in the world, especially women. This syndrome is defined by the occurrence of unpleasant sensations such as stinging and burning in response to stimuli that should not normally provoke such sensations. Coriander seed oil (CSO) is a 100% virgin oil of coriander seeds and boasts a specific composition of fatty acids, mainly petroselinic acid (60–75%). It has demonstrated its ability to regulate inflammation (NF-κB pathway) and...
nutrition, sensory, color, safety, analysis
Mild to moderate iodine deficiency has been found among young Norwegian women of reproductive age. In Norway, cow’s milk is the main source of iodine; however, milk consumption is decreasing, particularly among young women. This study aimed to investigate milk consumption practices in young Norwegian women and their attitudes toward milk consumption from childhood to young adulthood in a life-course perspective and their knowledge of milk as a source of iodine. Convenience sampling was used to...
nutrition, quality, analysis, functional, health
Background: Adiposity is a major health-risk factor, and D-allulose has beneficial effects on adiposity-related metabolic disturbances. However, the modes of action underlying anti-hyperglycemic and hypolipidemic ac- tivity are partly understood. Objective: This study investigated the in vivo and in vitro effects of D-allulose involved in adipogenesis and activation of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats. Design: In this study, 8-week-old male SD (Sprague Dawley) rats...
protein, fiber, nutrition, storage, enzymes
Background: High consumption of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables reduces the endothelial damage in- volved in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis. Objective: To evaluate the phytochemical content, antioxidant and scavenging activities (FRAP, ORAC, OH•, HOCl, H2O2, and O2 −), endothelial H2O2-cytoprotective effect, nitric oxide (NO) release activation potential, and endothelial wound healing properties of 10 tropical fruits, comprising pineapple, sugar apple, papaya fruit, longan,...
polyphenols, antioxidants, protein, nutrition, color
Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most severe organ that damages the systemic lupus erythe- matosus (SLE). Cyclophosphamide is one of the main drugs used in the treatment of LN. Fish oil is a general term of all the oily substances in fish, whose main component is omega-3 fatty acid. This study aimed to investigate whether fish oil could be used as an adjunct to low-dose cyclophosphamide in proliferative LN treatment. Methods: A total of 237 patients with proliferative LN were...
protein, nutrition, quality, safety, analysis
Background: The consumption of Jerusalem artichoke has multiple beneficial effects against diabetes and obesity. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a single administration of Jerusalem artichoke tubers on postprandial glycemia and the concentrations of incretin hormones in humans. Method: Grated Jerusalem artichoke was administered prior to a meal (Trial 1; white rice for prediabetic participants, n = 10). Dose-dependent effect of Jerusalem artichoke (Trial 2;...
antioxidants, starch, protein, fiber, nutrition
Background: Adequate nutrition during childhood is essential to promote child growth and development. Objective: The study evaluated the relationship of habitual nutrient intake and protein adequacy to the prevalence of child malnutrition. Methods: Data were derived from a nationally representative sample of children aged 6–12 years. Two noncon- secutive day 24-h dietary recalls (24hR) were collected to estimate the individual food intake. PC-SIDE version
food science, protein, fiber, nutrition, processing
Background: Unhealthy food is one of the main risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Improved knowl- edge about healthy and sustainable food products requires nutrition research in collaboration between univer- sities and the food industry. Objective: To investigate the facilitators of and barriers to university–industry collaborations in nutrition research. Design: Semi-structured, individual interviews with five researchers in universities and five employees in the food industry were...
food science, nutrition, quality, safety, analysis