Trace Element Levels in Packaged Ice Cream and Associated Human Health Risks: A Simulation-Based Analysis

This study investigates the concentrations of essential and trace elements (Ni, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, and Al) in packaged ice cream samples collected from markets in Kır¸sehir province, located in Central Anatolia, Turkey, aiming to assess potential health risks associated with their consumption. Among the detected trace elements, Al (3.21–16.6 mg/kg) and Fe (2.03–24.0 mg/kg) had the highest concentrations, followed by Zn (0.56–3.00 mg/kg), Ni (0.84–4.84 mg/kg), Cu (1.15–3.46 mg/kg), and Mn...