Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis extract GJ-4 attenuates hyperlipidemic vascular dementia in rats via regulating PPAR--mediated microglial polarization

Background: GJ-4 is extracted from Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis (Fructus Gardenia) with crocin compo- sition and has been demonstrated to improve memory deficits in several dementia models in our previous studies. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of GJ-4 on hyperlipidemic vascular dementia (VD) and explore the underlying mechanisms. Design: In the current study, we employed a chronic hyperlipidemic VD rat model by permanent bilateral common carotid arteries occlusion (2-VO)...